watkins



E. WATK-INS. HYDROCARBON BURNER.v APPLICATION Elu-:n Muni. 191s.

1,324,863. Patented De@.161919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

I BY

, ATTOH N EY E. wATKlNs. HYDROCARBON BURNER. APPLICATION FILED MAY I6. |918.

1,324,863. Patented De@.16,1919. j (9.7 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR ATTORNEY EDWARD wATKiivs, or BAYSIDE, ,N Ew'ronx. 'i

T0 all whomv t may] concern: Y Be it known that I, EDWARD VVATKiNs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bayside, v Long Island, in the county of l Queens and State of New VYorkfhave invented certain new and useful Improvements in I-Iydrocarloon-Burners,- of which the following is a specication. Y e .v

This invention'relates to oilburners for producing heat in convenient, efficient ,and

Y economical form for domestic and commern parent, odorlessl vand smokeless flame and v bon or other ,foreign matteiat the jetopen-i cial purposes. A f Y The object of the invention is to provide an improved burner 'and itsy support which shall be simple, practical and Vreadily 'in'- sertedwithin a stove or furnace for burning mineral cih-either crude 0r rened'in the form of kerosene orgasolene, the' oilbeing first vaporized' and then mixed witlijair in sufficient quantity to burn with ablii e,trans with little liability for thedepositioniof caring. ln connection with the burner there is vprovided means for cleaning the jetopening shouldany carbon or other foreign matter collect therein.

' claims and illustrated in Another object of the invention is to lprovide in theburner-proper, al large mixing chamber, for oil vapor and air, having a perforated side .forthe escape of the' mixed gaswhich, when lighted, will burn with maximum intensity within thek furnace so as tobe utilized to 'the best advantage by directing all the flame against the surface to beheated. Aj further object of the invention is directcd to the supporting frame .for the burner proper which is madewholly or inpai'tcf` pipes l and ttings connecting them through-- which the oilV is forced'under 'pressure and' vapoiized by the heat of the burner and then,` after 'passing through a super-,heater also forming a part of the frame, the gaseous vapor is permitted to escape from the' frame into the burner to be mixed with air in proper-vY proportions for consumption; Y

With these objects in view, togetherI with others which will appear as the description' proceeds, the invention resides inl the novel formation, combination and arrangement of parts, all as will loe-described more fullyY hereinafter, particularly pointed out *iny the the accompanying drawings,in which:

s 'HYDRooARBoN-BURNERJ specification of Letters raient.

rliji'giire -1Y lis a iside elevation of the-oil# clarion.

Y Patented Dec. 16,1919. Application filed May Y16, 1918. `Serial No. 234,877. i

burner complete, portions being shown in section. Y

' Vl`ig.2 is an end view vofthe oilburnen I Fig. 3 isV a perspectiveV View `of-the mixingV chamber and oil burner proper.r .Y 4 isa sectional view of the j et nozzle; Fig. 51s a planview of 'a modied` form of the burner, .designedto be usedwithin a circular flreb ox, and l Fig.`6 isV an elevation of agportion ofthe Vmodified form of lourne The Vimproved i oil burner of present inventionv is made intwo separable parts,

the frame 10 and the burner proper 11designedto be supported-by the frame. The

frame 10is made of sections of fpipe, 1` ipev and rods and pipe fittings, therwhole being 'connectedtogether to form a conduit for oil and oilvapor anda suitable rackjand sup` port for the burner properto whichthel oil vapor is led from rthe'tubular vframe 10, forcedy thereinto underpressure.

Y The frame 10 includestwo upright stand-V ards 12 which may be'sections of pipe` or rods asA desired. The lower yends of the standards are screwed into T-couplings V13I soVY y which join two short alined, horizontalpiigieoor rod sections 14 fitted' withterminal caps f 15, these fittings forming; the feet ofthe'f* `Y rlhe height of the standards standards 12. is regulated by the height of the fire box ofl the stove or furnace intowhich the burner is-y to be placed, their upper ends beingscrewed:`

each into the lower branch Aof four-way cou-.z f

pling. 16,' whileinthe upper branchof each coupling is screwed a shortpipe section l'V that extends vertically in line withthe standard and' carries at itsupper.en'dathree"wayv diameter than the bore of the `pipevand lying, f

relatively-close together. Screwed into the I opposite lateral branch-of each fitting 18is a plug 21 squared-on itsouter `end lat 22Y for a wrench andhavinga pin'i23 projecting from-its inner endfinto the' adjacent endv of pipe 19, these pins serving 5to-hold the balls 20'in position in pipe 19 and prevent, them y1,05k j falling through they ttings ,18 into'the pipeiY sections 17. l v

Short sections ofpipe 24k and .25 are screwedinto theV inwardly-p `projecting branches-of vthe foiiir-vvziy` 'couplings 1 6 in Ves line with each other and parallel, to the pipe 19, their inner ends being spaced a short dist-ance apart and Veach ltted with a downwardly turned right angled coupling 26. lVithin the pipes 24 and 25 are balls 2O similar to the balls in the pipe 19, these balls loe-` ing retained in place insaid pipes byLA pins 23 on the inner end of screw plugs 21 threaded in the outer branches of the rfour-way couplings 16, and by fixed pins 27 project ing inwardly from the walls of the right angled couplings 26 into the pipes 24 and 25. Connected to the fitting 26 of pipe 25 is an o il feed pipe 28 through which oil,A under pressure, is forced into the tubular sections of the frame 10 and there vap'orized. A, depending pipe 29 is connected to the coupling 26 of pipe section 24 and at a suitable distance below said coupling it is litted'with a right angled coupling 30, to which is`connected a short horizontal sectionV of pipe'31 on the outer end of ywhich is screwed the jet nozzle 32, shown inienla-rged detail view in Fig. 4. l

The jet nozzle 32 in its simplest forni is of eruciforin shape as shown, the body 33 of which is hollow and from whichfour tubular arms or branches 34, 35, 36 and 37 project. rIhe arm 34 Vis threaded on the end of the. pipe section 31. The arm 35' on the opposite side of Vthe body has a plug` 38 screwed therein from which an-arm 39l eX- tends downwardly a. short distance and pivotally supports at 40 lever 41 having an outwardly projectingend to be tapped with a poker for operating the same and a pin 42 connected to its inner end and extending upwardly through the jet nozzle for a purpose .to be described later. The depending tubular branch 36 ofthe nozzle has a plug screwed therein through which is formed a bore 44'terrninating at the top of the plug in aY valve seat'for aconical alve 4G fixed on the pin The upstandingtubular arin 37'of the nozzle forms a support for a tur bular nipple 47 closed at its upper end by a cap' 48 througlithe center of which is a small opening 49 for the escape of .faporized oil into the burner.- vThe pin 42 is of such length. as to extend Valcove the valve 45, through the nipple 47 and out through the openingr49, said pin being smaller than the opening'so as not to'prevent the escape of vapor, but of sufiicientyv size to 'clear this openingJ ofv carbon and other foreign accu mulations whenever the valve 46 is closed and opened. The valve is normally maintained closed on its 'seat 45 by a coil spring 50 surrounding the pin 42 above the ifalve 46, one end of the spring bearing upon the valve and the other against the inner side of the cap 48. Y

The burner proper 11 is in the form of an elongated box like casing 51 preferably made of sheet lmetal with a vertical outer side 52 ases through which a number of small perfora tions 53 are formed for the escape of the` gasified oil in jets which jets are lighted and burn close to the side 52 to generate heat.

Depending from the under side of the casing cap 484011 the j et nozzle 32 to pass into the lower end of the sleeve 54.

The burner proper -11 is supported on the frame 10 in working position with its sleeve 54 over the jet nozzle and its perforated side 52 against the pipes 19,24 and 25, by a pair of bracket arms 57 attached to the stand'- ards 12 immediately below the four-way couplings 16,' these bracket arms being shown in the lpresent instance as made of sheet metal, each having a horizontal edge upon whichthe burner proper rests and a. vertical edge provided with claws or fingers 58 which are bent around the standards and Vserve to firmly hold the brackets in place onthe standards. It is to be noted that the pipe 19, the vertical pipe sections 17 and the horizontal pipe sections 24 and 25 lie closelto andaline with the top, ends and bottom of the burner casing- 51, forming a frame around Vthe wall 52 and the perforations 53 therein, so that ywhen the gas passing outrthrough the perforations is lighted, the jets serve to heat the pipes 25 and 19 Yfor vaporizing the oil and also the pipe 24 which forms a super-heater for the oilv gas before it passes through the pipe 29 to the jet nozzle 32.` Y

For the purpose of Yfurnishing heat to va.- porize the oil when the burner is first lightspo ech-troughs 59 are suspended from the pipes e 24 and 25lbelow the saine for their entire length in which alcohol or other suitable inflammablesubstance may be placed and ignited for primarily heating these pipes and the pipe 19 to generate suflicient gas to start theA burner.

ln use, the frame 10.01" suitable size andV shape, is placed within. the irc box of the stove or furnace to be heated, with the feetY through pipe 25, pipe 17 connected theretoY and the pipe 19 is'vaporizcd, at first by the burning substance in the troughs 59 and aiterward by the Yheat of the burner which raises the temperature of these pipesand the balls 20 in the pipes 19 and 25 tosucli a; de`V gree that ythe Aoil is'volatilized and passes down the pipe -17 at the opposite side of the frame into the super-heater pipe 24 and then 'by pipes 29 and 31 to the jet nozzle 32.

c the bore of the pipes and rest on the bottom of the pipes, they form a slight obstruction to the flow `of oil Vthrough the pipes which is therefore caused to circulate around the heated balls and come in contact with the entire surface of all of them and so insure and-hasten vaporization. The gas producedV by the heat of the pipes 12 and 25, and the balls 20 rises to the top lof the pipes and flows through the pipe over the balls and unimpeded by them, to the super-heater, where any portion of the gas not thoroughly vaporized comes in contact with the pipe 24 and the balls 20 therein and so completes the formation of a fixed, or substantiallyVY fixed gas, which when burned in connection with the proper'` amount of air,'produces a transparent, blue flame. The damper 55 is providedwith a linger piece 60 for operating the same to increase or decrease the o-penings through the bottom of the sleeve and so admit more or less. air ,to the burner.

These burners may be made with a flat perforated wall-52 of elongated orsquare form as shown in Fig. l for stoves, ranges and furnaces having elongated fireboxes, orof circular form as shownV in Fig. 5 for furnaces of that shape.V Furthermore, these burners may be used-singly as in Fig. l or in sets of two or more, each independentof the other as in Fig. 5, Where the mixing chambers 51 are shown of a semi-lunar form placed within or against the concave side of Va substantially semi-circular frame 10,. 'Ihe perforations yfor the escape of gas are of` course foimed'in the convex walls of the mixing chambers. 1 'v Even with the best care, continued use of the burner will result in the accumulation and deposition of carbon, dust and other foreign matters in the various passages through which'the oil and gas pass, and to permit withdrawal of these substances, the

`plugs 21 are made removable so that the tubes 19, 24 and 25 can be cleaned with very little trouble, while any collection of carbon Aor dust within the jet nozzle is quickly reniovedby depressing theleverV 41 and raising'the valve 46 so that the passing to the burner'will blow out'through theiborev 44 at the bottom 'of lthe jet nozzle,-all` looseV substances-'deposited therein from the gas. At the same time the pin 42 sliding through the gas outlet opening 49 serves 'to scrape away any deposits` left there by theoutflowinggas. I Y

The foregoing ,description and the drawings have reference'to what may be'cons'idered the preferred,v or approved form of my inventionf' Itis to be understood that I may make such changes in construction and arrangement and combination of parts, materials, dimensions, et cetera, as mayrprove expedient and fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

l. In a hydrocarbon burner, vertical and horizontal tubular members forming a conduit, a jet nozzle connected with the conduit, balls loose in the -horizontal member, and a pin extending across the vertical member and projecting into the horizontal member to retain the balls therein and prevent their passing therefrom -intov the vertical member. v

2. A hydrocarbon burner, comprising uplower tubular member being divided to form branches, a fuel pipe connectedwith one of per, lowerand end tubular members, the

the'branches, a jet nozzle connected with the i other branch, amixing chamber having a perforation in approximately the plane of the tubular members, kballs loose in the up-l per and lower tubular` members and pins extending' from the end members and pro-V v jecting into the upper and lower members to retain the balls therein.

3. In a hydrocarbon burnera heating'coil for the hydrocarbon, comprising a substantially rectangular tubular frame through which the hydrocarbon passes, said coil comprising an upper horizontal'member and a lower horizontaly member composed of two lshort alined sections; an inlet, for liquid hydrocarbon, connected to one of said short sections; an outlet from the other short sec-v f tion 'for the gaseous hydrocarbon, said latter short section forming a super-heater; a plu-V rality of spherical metal members of less diameter than the interior of the coil, loosely mounted `within Athe horizontal, portions thereof to provide additional heating surfacesfor volatilizingtlie hydrocarbon, and

pins projecting inwardly into the ends of the horizontal portions of thecoil to retain the spherical members iii-place,` one or more of said pinsbeing longitudinally adjustable.V

`. 4. A hydrocarbon burner comprising a `mixing chamber having atperforated wall -forthe escape of gas to be burned, a tubular coilencircling said wall in position .to

be hearted by the burning ges and forming :t conduit for hydrocarbon; an inlet into said coilfor liquid hydrocarbon; an outlet from said coil for gaseous hydrocarbon; a jet nozzle on the end of said outlet having` a perforation for the esc-ape of the gaseous hydroeau-bon` to be conveyed to the mixing chainber and un opening on the opposite Side or' the jet nozzle, formed with a Valve seat; a spring actuated valve closing said opening; a pin upon which said valve is mounted eX- tcndingthrough ,the jet nozzle and out of the perforation, and nieu-ns for moving said pin longitrulinallyV `to raisethe Valve and permit foreign substances to be blown from l5 the jet nozzle through the opening and also to clean said perforation by the nioyeinent of the pin therein.

In testimony whereof l zxiiix my signature in presence of two Witnesses. y

EDVARD VATKINS. lVitnesses:

IDA .lVoLFFa JOHN E. BURoH. 

